![]() ![]() Rates of self-reported drug and alcohol use differ by type of substance. Additionally, harmful use of alcohol is a leading risk factor for death and disability for people ages 15 to 49 (WHO, 2014). Risky behaviors related to substance use include truancy or dropping out of school, unsafe sexual activity, driving while impaired, and interpersonal violence (Cherpitel, Bond, and Borges, 2003 Foran and O’Leary, 2008 DuPont et al., 2013). ![]() A variety of approaches have been developed that work with families, schools, and communities to help children and adolescents develop skills and approaches to prevent or reduce substance use (Griffin and Botvin, 2010 Hennessy and Tanner–Smith, 2015 Smedslund et al., 2017).Įarly substance use initiation and continued heavy use can lead to numerous negative consequences (Hanson et al., 2011 Marshall, 2014 Newcomb and Bentler, 1988). They differ from treatment programs, which focus on youths who have been clinically diagnosed with a substance abuse problem. Youth substance use prevention programs aim to promote abstinence from alcohol and illicit drugs and the misuse of over-the-counter drugs. ![]()
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